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The Mexican Axolotl
The name “Axolotl” comes from the Aztec language, “Nahuatl”. One of the most popular translations of the name connects the Axolotl to the god of deformations and death, Xolotl, while the most commonly accepted translation is “water-dog”.
Axolotl is a type of salamander that spends all its life under water and lakes are its natural habitat. Axolotls can be quite large, reaching up to a foot (30 centimeters) in length, although the average size is closer to half that. They are typically black or mottled brown, but albino and white varieties are somewhat common, particularly among captive specimens.
It is studied especially for two reasons.
Firstly, it has amazing regeneration powers- it can regrow a lost limb. Entire limbs can be regenerated and even portions of the brain and spine. Its embryo is also very robust, and can be spliced and combined with different parts of other axolotl embryos with a high degree of success.
Secondly, they are studied for ‘Neoteny’; it retains its larval form into adulthood. It retains many features of the larval state without completely metamorphosing into the adult state like other amphibians. This adaptation- neoteny- is often viewed as a backward step in evolution because it prevents the axolotl from living on land, and as a result, it can’t colonise new habitats. However, it has led to the axolotl being quite successful in its native habitat, at least until the arrival of man.
Although they retain larval morphology, they do develop rudimentary lungs, and axolotls can be seen to occasionally rise to the surface, take a quick gulp of air to fill these lungs, and then quickly descend to the bottom once more.
Currently the Mexican Axolotl is facing wild extinction as fewer than 1,200 remain in its last stronghold, the Xochimilco area of central Mexico. (Source: I fucking love science and Evolution)
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AAHHHHHHHH IT’S SO CUTE!!
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